Which of the following are common insulin-related complications?

• A. Hypoglycemia and lipohypertrophy
• B. Hyponatremia and edema
• C. Hyperkalemia and arrhythmia
• D. Nausea and blurry vision

Answer: (A)

The key idea is that insulin therapy commonly brings two types of problems: low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) from too much insulin relative to what’s available as glucose, and lipohypertrophy from injecting in the same spot repeatedly, which can make insulin absorption unpredictable. Hypoglycemia is a frequent risk of insulin regimens and can happen if doses are too high, meals are missed, or exercise is increased. Lipohypertrophy occurs when fat tissue under the skin thickens at repeated injection sites, altering how quickly or slowly insulin is absorbed and thus affecting glucose control. Rotating injection sites and using proper technique helps prevent both issues.

The other options don’t reflect common insulin-related complications as clearly. Hyponatremia isn’t a typical direct insulin problem, though edema can occur rarely with insulin initiation. Hyperkalemia isn’t expected because insulin lowers potassium, not raises it. Nausea and blurry vision can occur with glucose fluctuations but aren’t classic, common insulin-specific complications.